本論文以聚苯乙烯及苯乙烯二乙烯基苯膠體粒子當作理想的膠體膠凝沈降系統，來探討不同粒徑膠體粒子分別在一價（NaCl）、二價（MgCl2）及三價（AlCl3）鹽類電解質溶液中及不同濃度條件下，藉由以離心機增加重力的方法來]探討其穩定度的變化及吸附膠凝的現象。其中，以考慮凡得瓦爾吸引力及電雙層排斥力的DLVO理論來討論，單一粒徑膠體粒子及不同粒徑的膠體粒子在等濃度混合的能障與穩定度關係。其次，我們也比較了不同粒徑膠體粒子等濃度混合時膠凝沉降凝集效率之理論值與實驗值做比較。最後，由比較穩定度的理論值與實驗值來觀察膠體表面電位對其穩定度的影響。 實驗結果發現在單一粒徑及不同粒徑的膠體溶液系統中其穩定度均會隨著電解質價數的增加而下降。而不同粒徑的膠體粒子在等濃度混合時的穩定度理論值會隨著NG的增加而增加。另外，當電解質濃度愈高和表面電位愈低時，理論值與實驗值的誤差將會減小。 The main purpose of this thesis is to investigate the effects of electrolyte concentration and the gravity force (centrifugation force) on the stability ratio (the coagulation rate) of the colloidal solution of the polystyrene and styrene divinylbenzene latexes, at equal initial concentration but with different particle sizes in three different electrolyte solutions of NaCl、MgCl2 and AlCl3.The total interaction energy of DLVO theory, which composes of the van der waals attraction and the electrostatic repulsion energies, is applied to explain the experimental results mentioned above.The stability ratio of colloidal suspension will decrease with the increase of the valence of the electrolytes, and will increase with the increase of the gravity force. The discrepancy between the theoretical predication and the experimental data becomes smaller with the increase of ionic strength of colloidal suspension and the decrease of colloidal potentials.
